Afrontamiento del estrés en familiares de pacientes con estancia prolongada en cuidados intensivos. Revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35381/s.v.v10i19.4889Palabras clave:
Estrés psicológico, familia, unidades de cuidados intensivos, adaptación psicológica, cuidadores, (Fuente: DeCS).Resumen
Objetivo: Explorar la evidencia disponible sobre el afrontamiento del estrés en familiares de pacientes con estancia prolongada en UCI, 2020 - 2025. Método: Se consideraron investigaciones cuantitativas, cualitativas y mixtas en español, inglés o portugués, centradas en adultos que acompañan a pacientes críticos de edad ≥ 18 años. La búsqueda se efectuó en PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO y LILACS, se gestionó la información mediante Rayyan, mientras que la calidad y el nivel de cada estudio se calificaron con el esquema Johns Hopkins. Resultados: 26 estudios integraron la revisión, tres ejes: intervenciones educativas y de comunicación que atenúan la incertidumbre, soporte psicoemocional grupal o individual que fortalece recursos internos, y prácticas de autocuidado basadas en mindfulness, religión o redes sociales. Conclusión: Existe altos niveles de estrés, ansiedad y depresión en los familiares, aunque varía según el instrumento con el que se mide y el contexto
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Derechos de autor 2026 María Elena Olaya-Pincay, Yerling Marina Verdezoto-Pinto, Andrea Lucia Yaguache-Jimbo, Kerly Esmeralda Bonilla-Rodríguez
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